Sciatica

Sciatica is a condition characterized by pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back through the hips and down each leg.

Symptoms

  • Sharp or burning pain in the lower back, buttock, and down one leg
  • Numbness or tingling in the leg or foot
  • Muscle weakness in the affected leg
  • Pain that worsens with prolonged sitting or sudden movements

Causes

  • Herniated or slipped disc in the spine
  • Spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal)
  • Piriformis syndrome (compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle)
  • Degenerative disc disease
  • Injury or trauma to the spine

Treatments

  • Pain relief medications (NSAIDs or muscle relaxants)
  • Physical therapy and exercises to improve flexibility and strength
  • Hot and cold compresses
  • Steroid injections to reduce inflammation
  • Surgery in severe or persistent cases (e.g., discectomy, laminectomy)

Prevention

  • Maintain good posture when sitting and standing
  • Use proper body mechanics when lifting heavy objects
  • Exercise regularly to strengthen core and back muscles
  • Avoid prolonged sitting or staying in one position for too long
  • Maintain a healthy weight to reduce pressure on the spine

Recommended Specialties

Neurology
Orthopedics
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation