Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the lower rectum and anus, similar to varicose veins. They can develop inside the rectum (internal hemorrhoids) or under the skin around the anus (external hemorrhoids).
Symptoms
- Painless bleeding during bowel movements
- Itching or irritation in the anal region
- Pain or discomfort
- Swelling around the anus
- A lump near the anus, which may be sensitive or painful
Causes
- Straining during bowel movements
- Sitting for long periods on the toilet
- Chronic constipation or diarrhea
- Obesity
- Pregnancy
Treatments
- Over-the-counter creams and ointments
- Warm sitz baths
- High-fiber diet and increased fluid intake
- Minimally invasive procedures (e.g., rubber band ligation)
- Surgical removal in severe cases
Prevention
- Eating a high-fiber diet
- Drinking plenty of fluids
- Exercising regularly
- Avoiding prolonged sitting
- Responding promptly to the urge to have a bowel movement